SPECIFICATION LIBRARY

ASTM F436

ASTM F436 Specification Overview

ASTM F436 pertains to the technical requirements for hardened steel washers used in general structural and mechanical applications. These washers are specifically designed to be used with high-strength bolts, such as those conforming to ASTM A193, A325 and A490 specifications, in structural bolting applications.

Key Features of ASTM F436:

  • Material: Made from high-quality, hardened steel to ensure sufficient strength and resistance to deformation under high load.

  • Types: The specification includes two types of washers - Type 1 is made of carbon steel, and Type 3 is weathering steel, suitable for use in environments that require corrosion resistance.

Mechanical Properties:

The washers are designed to have specific mechanical properties to ensure they can withstand the structural loads and stresses without failure.

Property

Requirement

Hardness

38 to 45 HRC

Tensile Strength

Minimum 120 ksi

Chemical Composition:

  • Type 1: Carbon steel, the exact composition can vary but is controlled to achieve the desired mechanical properties.

  • Type 3: Contains elements such as copper, nickel, and chromium to enhance the corrosion resistance of the material, making it ideal for outdoor applications.

Dimensional Tolerances:

Nominal Washer Size

Inside Diameter (ID)

Outside Diameter (OD)

Thickness

1/4"

5/16"

3/4"

5/64" – 5/32"

5/16"

11/32"

7/8"

5/64" – 5/32"

3/8"

13/32"

1"

5/64" – 5/32"

7/16"

15/32"

1-1/4"

5/64" – 5/32"

1/2"

9/16"

1-3/8"

7/64" – 5/32"

5/8"

11/16"

1-11/16"

9/64" – 5/32"

3/4"

13/16"

2"

9/64" – 5/32"

7/8"

15/16"

2-1/4"

9/64" – 5/32"

1"

1-1/16"

2-1/2"

9/64" – 5/32"

1-1/8"

1-3/16"

2-3/4"

9/64" – 5/32"

1-1/4"

1-3/8"

3"

9/64" – 5/32"

1-3/8"

1-7/16"

3-1/4"

9/64" – 5/32"

1-1/2"

1-9/16"

3-1/2"

9/64" – 5/32"

1-3/4"

1-13/16"

3-3/4"

9/64" – 5/32"

2"

2-1/16"

4-1/2"

9/64" – 5/32"

Note:

  • The thickness provided in the range accommodates slight variations in the manufacturing process and application needs.

  • These dimensions are critical for ensuring the washers perform their function of distributing the load and preventing damage to the contact surface.

  • For precise applications and special requirements, it is recommended to consult the actual ASTM F436 specification or the manufacturer’s data.

Applications:

  • Widely used in structural steel joints in construction, including pressure piping and vessels, buildings, bridges, highway structures, and other civil engineering works.

  • Type 3 washers are specifically used in environments where corrosion resistance is crucial without additional protective coatings.

Quality Assurance and Testing:

  • Washers must undergo testing to confirm hardness and tensile strength, ensuring they meet the rigorous standards required for structural applications.

  • Regular inspections and quality checks are essential to verify that the washers conform to the ASTM F436 specifications.

ASTM F436 hardened steel washers are essential components in structural bolting assemblies, providing the necessary strength and load distribution needed in high-stress applications. Selecting the appropriate type based on environmental exposure and material compatibility with adjacent components is crucial for the integrity and longevity of the structural connection.

 

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